Wednesday, December 19, 2012

21 December?prediction or another epic fail from the past?

People will naturally believe what they heard especially coming from a big enough source (half of the world population maybe??)..I'm talking about the prediction that the world will come to an end...cease to exist...whatever you want to call it...but as a Muslim, we believe that Allah's word, The Almighty's word is absolute...therefore,here i am about to present my points on why the world will not end on that day...maybe something will happened..but not the end of the day...

                           "Verily Allah Alone has the knowledge of the Hour," Luqman 31:34

even in the holy bibles:

                        “But concerning that day and hour no one knows, not even the angels of heaven,     nor the Son, but the Father only. matthew 24:36

first of all....you should know that the signs can be divided to minor and major signs...we'll look at the minor signs first..

THE MINOR SIGNS: IMMEDIATE

THE NOBLE BIRTH OF RASULULLAH
Qiyamah will not come until the Final Nabi of Allah (Rasulullah Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) came to this Earth. Being the Final Nabi it is obvious that once he has come Qiyamah is near.
THE DEMISE OF RASULULLAH
It is also evident that Qiyamah will never come during the lifetime of Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam). Therefore no sooner did Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) pass away, then the advent of Qiyamah drew closer.
Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) once said, "I and Qiyamah have been sent like this". He indicated the closeness of these events (his coming and Qiyamah) by holding his index finger and middle finger together.
THE SPLITTING OF THE MOON
Allah Ta’ala declares in the Qur'aan, "The Hour of Judgment is drawing near and the moon is cleft in two".
This incident apart from being a miracle of Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) is also a sign of Qiyamah and occurred approximately five years prior to the Hijrah.
THE TARTARS
The incident of the Tartars has been recorded in Bukhari, Muslim, Abu Dawood, Tirmidhi and Ibn Majah. In the words of Bukhari the following is recorded, "Sayyidena Abu Hurairah narrates that Rasulullah said that Qiyamah will not take place until you people do not engage in battle with the Turks, (this does not refer to the Turkish people) who have small eyes, reddish laces and small flat noses. Their faces will be like a shield (broad) upon which many layers of skin have been placed. Qiyamah will not come until you do not fight with that nation which wears shoes made of hair."
NOTE:
Allamah Nawawi (R.A.) the well known commentator of Sahih Muslim says: This prophecy of Rasulullah’s (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) (regarding the Tartars) is from amongst his miracles. The battle is in progress with the Turks. All the details mentioned by Rasulullah are found in them: small eyes, reddish faces, small flat noses, broad faces. Their faces are like a shield over which layers of skin have been placed. They wear shoes made of hair.

These signs are found in them in our times. The Muslims have fought and are still fighting them. We supplicate unto Allah that May He forever shower His kindness and support. May His Mercy be upon His Rasul (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) who does not speak from his own side, but whatever he speaks is Divine Revelation.


THE FIRE OF HIJAAZ
  
Sayyidena Abu Hurairah (R.A.) relates that Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) said, "Qiyamah will not come until a fire does not break out in the land of Hijaaz. (The fire will) illuminate the necks of the camels of Busra".
NOTE
Busra is located approximately forty eight miles south of Damascus. Regarding this fire Allamah Nawawi (R.A.) says, the fire about which the Hadeeth makes mention of is from among the signs of Qiyamah. In our times (654 A.H.) a great fire emerged in Hairah which is east of Madina Tayyabah. The people of Shaam (Syria) and other cities are unanimous about its existence. I myself have been informed about it by the people of Madina who witnessed it.
Allamah Qurtubi (R.A.) gave the following details regarding the fire:
  • The fire was sparked off by a powerful earthquake;
  • It spread rapidly over the mountains leaving them in ashes;
  • A reddish yellow (flaming) stream which roared like thunder was noticed in this fire;
  • Though it reached the outskirts of Madina, the wind blowing from that direction into Madina was cool;
  • The fire was reported to have been seen from as far as the mountains surrounding Makkah as well as from Busra;
The scholars regard this fire also as one of the miracles of Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam). The above are some of the minor signs which occurred in the earlier era of Islam.


MINOR SIGNS: LATER 
Below are given the minor signs which have occurred well into the latter era of Islam and are still being witnessed:
LIARS
Hadhrat Abu Hurairah (R.A.) narrates that Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) said: "In the last days, such liars and deceitful people will emerge, who will tell you such new things (baseless interpretations and distortions about Islam), which neither you, nor your forebears would have heard about. Beware of them, beware of them. It should not happen that they lead you astray."
EVIL ULAMA (ULAMA-E-SOO’)
Hadhrat All (R.A.) says Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) said: "A time is soon to come when Islam will remain only by name, and the Qur'aan will exist only in words. People will erect large and beautiful Masjids, but these Masjids will lack guidance and be deserted. The worst creation below the skies will be the Ulama-e-Soo’. Great Fitna (evils) will emanate from them and they themselves will promote fitna and they will be the center of Fitna.
SINS
Hadhrat Zainab bint Jahash (RA.) narrates that Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) was asked: "0 Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) What? Will ruin and destruction come upon us even if there are pious servants of Allah living amongst us?" "Yes", replied Nabi (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam), "When the evil of sins Spread", (then the existence of even pious people will not stop ruin and destruction.)
SIGN OF INTELLIGENCE
Hadhrat Abu Hurairah (RA.) narrates that Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) said: "A time will also come upon people that a person will find himself in such a position and under such circumstances that he either allows himself to be branded as a fool or, he either joins the prevailing evils, (becoming a part of it). Should a person find himself in such a situation, then it is better for him to be branded as a fool, rather than participate in evil."
EVIL LEADERS
Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) said: "A time will also come upon people when they will employ deceit in everything. At that time the liars will be declared as the Truthful and the Truthful will be condemned as liars. The evil one’s will be regarded as upright while the upright will be regarded as evil people; The "Ruwaibadha" will represent (lead) the people. It was asked as to who the "Ruwaibadha" were? He said they were the incompetent, unscrupulous and insignificant people. They will attend to the important matters pertaining to the public and make decisions.
ABUNDANCE OF QURRAH (QAREE)
Hadhrat Abu Hurairah (R.A.) relates the following narration of Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam): ‘That time will also come upon my Ummat, when though there will be an abundance of Qurrah, there will be a shortage of Fuqaha (Jurists). There will be a scarcity of (Islamic) knowledge and an increase in evil and anarchy. Then there will also come a time upon the Ummat when people will recite the Qur'aan, but it will not go further than their throats, (into their hearts, i.e. they will not be affected by it). Then that time will also come when a Mushrik and Mu’min will debate on the Tauheed (Oneness) of Allah.
NO IMAAN
Hadhrat Umme Salma (R.A.) narrates that Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) said: "That time will also come upon the people when the Truthful will be condemned as liars and the liars will be regarded as Truthful. People with dishonest occupations will be regarded as upright people while upright people will be condemned as criminals. People will come forth uncalled to give evidence, (for a fee), and people will take oaths (false) without it being called for. The progeny of lowly parents will be regarded as fortunate people on account of their worldly possessions, whereas, in actual fact they will not have Imaan in Allah or His Rasul (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam).
DIFFICULT TIMES
Hadhrat Anas (R.A.) narrates that Nabi (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) said: "Such a time will come upon people that it will be as difficult for them to remain on Deen as it is for a person to hold a burning coal in his hand."
Hadhrat Abu Hurairah (R.A.) reported that Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) said, "Perform all good deeds before the era of evil dawns, the darkness of which will increase in waves. The effects of these evils will be so grave that a person will be a Mu’min in the morning and a Kaafir at night, or, a Mu’min at night and a Kaafir in the morning. A person will sell his Deen in lieu of a paltry sum." (Muslim)
TWO JAHANNAMI GROUPS
Hadhrat Abu Hurairah (R.A.) relates that Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) said: "I have not yet seen two groups of Jahannamis, (because they have not emerged thus far). One group is of those men who will have lashes the size of the tails of oxen, in their hands, with which they will lash the faces of others. The other group is of those women who will wear clothes, yet they will be naked. They will attempt to attract people towards themselves and they will incline towards people (men). Their heads will appear to be like a dromedary (camel). Such women will never be able to enter Jannat, nay, they will not even smell the fragrance of Jannat, although the fragrance of Jannah will spread far.
NOTE
a) These days, scantily clad women or women who wear fine (see through) clothing are those who have on clothes, yet they are naked. Women dressed in tight, figure hugging clothing also fall in this category.
b) Women who wear high buns on the head are those whose heads appear to be like the hump of a camel.
THE MOON
Hadhrat Anas (R.A.) narrates, "One of the signs of Qiyamah will be that the moon will be sighted before it appears on the horizon, and people will say regarding the moon of the first night (of the month) that "this is the moon of the second night".
The masjids will be used as tourist attractions, rather than places of lbaadat. Untimely (sudden) deaths will be very common.
According to another narration also by Hadhrat Anas (R.A.), the following signs of Qiyamah have been mentioned;
a) Increase in immorality.
b) Use of abusive language.
c) Severing of ties between close families / relatives.
He also relates: "Regard Qiyamah as having arrived when Masjids will be objects of pride, instead of places of lbaadat".
(i.e. People will try to outdo each other in building the best Masjid, or people will gather in Masjids and boast about various things).


LOVE OF THE MATERIAL WORLD
Hadhrat Thaubaan (R.A.) narrates that Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) said: "A time will come when the Kaafir nations will invite each other, just as people are invited towards meals, in order to annihilate you". Someone asked, "0 Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) will their boldness to do so be on account of us being small in number? Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) replied, "No, in fact your numbers will be great, but despite that, you will be like a twig in flood waters. Allah will remove your fear from the hearts of the enemy, (your enemy will not fear you) while he will create "wahari" in your hearts. Someone enquired."What is wahan’ O Rasulullah?" He replied, "Love of this world and hate for death".
NOTE
The love of the world has made us indifferent towards Halaal and Haraam, and we are extremely coward in the face of death. Despite our large numbers the Kuffar have the upper hand over us.

if you read carefully, you will notice that some had already taken place...

for further reading, especially on major signs as narrated by the sahabas...visit these pages...

http://www.muslimaccess.com/ebooks/signs_of_qiyamah.asp

http://www.islaam.org/Al_Mahdi/all-one-page.htm

but please, do refer to people with better understanding to and not trust every word untl you can verify it yourself...

Monday, December 17, 2012

rilex


this is a great song to unwind....you can just go to youtube..type darren ashley and listen to the sound of Morning Breeze...enjoy..

Monday, December 10, 2012

brief history of Bawang Assan

I'm a mix blooded guy from Sibu. not that exotic..hehe...my dad was a malay while my mom was an iban from bawang assan.
just now i saw a television programme mentioning that my great grandparent (according to my mom) Untai and Maringai was responsible for opening the settlement at Bawang Assan. According to the story, they originated from Batang Lemanak (somewhere in Sri Aman or Simanggang as the old people mentioned it). Then, they made their way to Sibu, first passing by Spaoh and even crossing Sungai Durin. After that they continued and settled at a place called Bukit Lan (it was still under the rule of Rajah Brooke) and they start planting paddy. Then, they changed to rubber tapping and migrated to a nearby area which is now known as Bawang Assan.


this is where my grandmother and my uncle live..Rumah Jimbun James..contrary to what people think..no, we do not stay on top of tree...

Nice to know that your grandparents achieved something. My father's great grandparents were also responsible for the Malay community here in Sibu (not opening the settlement, though they are one of the three largest Malay family in Sibu, apart from the Wan's Family and Abang's Family). But its a story to be told some other time....

Tuesday, November 20, 2012

The threat is real


Well, it's up to you to interpret the picture above. Whether you believe it or not. but as I have come to know, orthodox Jews ( such as in the pic above ) reject the idea of the state of Israel as they believe it was the word of GOD in their holy scripture that there should be no land for the Israelites or the Jews.

Words of the Rabbis Opposing Zionism

RABBI YISSACHAR DOV ROKEACH, GRAND RABBI (REBBE) OF BELZ


Rabbi Yissachar Dov Rokeach of Belz once said:

"There could be, before the arrival of Mashiach (Messiah to you out there), that the Satan should succeed, and the evildoers should get a State in the Land of Israel. Their state would be a big danger for every Jew in material and spiritual matters.
To put it simpler, they do not support Zionism  But don't get me wrong, THE THREAT OF ZIONISM IS REAL AND IT IS HAPPENING REALLY FAST. 


For those who are still clueless about zionism, here is a little fact

  • Zionism is the Jewish national movement of rebirth and renewal in the land of Israel - the historical birthplace of the Jewish people. The yearning to return to Zion, the biblical term for both the Land of Israel and Jerusalem, has been the cornerstone of Jewish religious life since the Jewish exile from the land two thousand years ago, and is embedded in Jewish prayer, ritual, literature and culture.
  • Modern Zionism emerged in the late 19th century in response to the violent persecution of Jews in Eastern Europe, anti-Semitism in Western Europe. Modern Zionism fused the ancient Jewish biblical and historical ties to the ancestral homeland with the modern concept of nationalism into a vision of establishing a modern Jewish state in the land of Israel.
  • The "father" of modern Zionism, Austrian journalist Theodor Herzl, consolidated various strands of Zionist thought into an organized political movement, advocating for international recognition of a "Jewish state" and encouraging Jewish immigration to build the land.
  • Today, decades after the actual founding of a Jewish state, Zionism continues to be the guiding nationalist movement of the majority of Jews around the world who believe in, support and identify with the State of Israel. Zionism, the national aspiration of the Jewish people to a homeland, is to the Jewish people what the liberation movements of Africa and Asia have been to their peoples.
  • History has demonstrated the need to ensure Jewish security through such a homeland. The re-establishment of Jewish independence in Israel, after centuries of struggle to overcome foreign conquest and exile, is a vindication of the fundamental concepts of the equality of nations and of self-determination. To question the Jewish people's right to national existence and freedom is not only to deny to the Jewish people the right accorded to every other people on this globe, but it is also to deny the central precepts of the United Nations.
While a case of animal abuse gain more sympathy in the State, Obama stands on the issue perplexed me. How can a leader who fights for world peace so casually said that it is within their (Zionist) right to defend themselves?with countless barrages of rockets and missiles?? This has got to stop.something has to be done by the UN to stop all this.

Sunday, November 18, 2012

The one we have been waiting for...


notice the video that i posted a while ago??unfold??this is the continuation of the story...I just love how they came up with the whole story...just amazing..to think that this is still a short clip instead of being made into a series or a feature film just amazes me..hopefully they can come up with a full length film of unfold after this. I left it to you guys out there to comment and see for yourselves...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0dh2xspvjOk&feature=g-high-u
 or go to
www.jinnyboytv.com/

Sunday, November 11, 2012

think about it


taken from 9gag.com

Journey ends but memories last forever








November 9 was the magical date. It was to be the one last night for all of us to hang out together. As i said journey ends but memories last forever. Who would have known that so many beautiful ladies exists in my batch...haha..jokes aside..the night was a happy one as well as a sad one..we were happy that we could be together for the one last time before everyone follows their own path and sad as we do not know when we will be able to do this again..hopefully soon..

Sunday, November 4, 2012

Land of the multi ethnic



some of the beauties participating in Puteri Metro Riverside( these are the three contestants that i like the most..especially the one on the right...hehe...) just what Sarawak has to offer..pretty face and a culture so rich and diverse that you would spend months to get your facts straight..and contrary to what most people think..NO, we only wear these costumes on special days and shows..not everyday..okay??




Tuesday, October 30, 2012

memories









the places that will always have a place in my heart no matter where fate takes me after this... one might say that i'm being too sentimental about this kind of stuff but five years...FIVE YEARS...surely it is my right to say that i'll certainly miss this place..(probably not the picture on the right...)

Monday, October 29, 2012

taking a break from history.short clips anyone???

those of you who are interested in making short clips or movies, two productions that really know their stuffs... Jinnyboy Tv (notable vid 'unfold') and Wong Fu production (notable vid 'The last')... the latter specializes in those mushy stuff while the former excels in funny vids...

you can always check their videos on youtube...



Jinnyboy Tv
I'll give a 4/5 for their funny vids and 3/5 for their mushy stuff (since they don't have or yet to post it...I'm waiting for unfold 2)
www.jinnyboytv.com




Wong Fu Productions
I'll give 5/5 for their romantic vid (the last was a really good video on how to melt your girl..lol..) and a 3/5 for their funny side.
www.wongfuproductions.com





or you can go straight to their sites and look around.

Monday, October 8, 2012

Sarawak

Sarawak has always been a place where you can see people regardless of their races sit together for a sip of teh tarik peng(iced). Go anywhere and you will never find a kopitiam where people will just greet other people in their native language then effortlessly changing their language back to the one they used before(only in Sarawak). I would know as it happened a lot. Not to stir up anything, Sarawakians seem to be able to adapt to every language according to the places. We speak with Sabah slang when in Sabah and Bahasa Melayu Baku when over at Semenanjung. However the same cannot be said of our counterpart from those places. Not everyone though, some of my friends have been talking bahasa melayu sarawak or even bahasa iban better than some of us here. I'm simply writing this to show that we Sarawakians are not that rascist as some of you would like to think and that racial harmony has been very alive and kicking even before the concept of 1Malaysia was conceived.

(Pardon me for my bad english.lol)

Wednesday, October 3, 2012

Random

taking a break from serious stuff...here is a list of trivial info that some might say are useless but for me is still an important aspect of our history...

Acupuncture was first used as a medical treatment in 2700 BC by Chinese emperor Shen-Nung.
Armored knights raised their visors to identify themselves when they rode past their king. This custom has become the modern military salute.
At Andrew Jackson's funeral in 1845, his pet parrot had to be removed because it was swearing.
At the height of its power, in 400 BC, the Greek city of Sparta had 25,000 citizens and 500,000 slaves.
Bock's Car was the name of the B-29 Bomber that dropped the Atom Bomb on Nagasaki.
Britain's present royal family was originally named Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. The name was changed in 1917, during WW1 because of German connotations. The name Windsor was suggested by one of the staff. At the same time the Battenberg family name of the cousins to the Windsors was changed into Mountbatten.
Canada declared national beauty contests canceled as of 1992, claiming they were degrading to women.
Captain Cook lost 41 of his 98 crew to scurvy (a lack of vitamin C) on his first voyage to the South Pacific in 1768. By 1795 the importance of eating citrus was realized, and lemon juice was issued on all British Navy ships.
Chicago's Lincoln Park was created in 1864. The original 120 acre cemetery had most of its graves removed and was expanded to more than 1000 acres for recreational use.
Christmas became a national holiday in the US in 1890.
During the US Civil war, 200,000 blacks served in the Union Army; 38,000 gave their lives; 22 won the Medal of Honor.
Everyone in the Middle Ages believed -- as Aristotle had -- that the heart was the seat of intelligence.
First four countries to have television: England, the U.S., the U.S.S.R., and Brazil.
Former President Cleveland defeated incumbent Benjamin Harrison in 1892, becoming the first (and, to date, only) chief executive to win non-consecutive terms to the White House.
Fourteenth century physicians didn't know what caused the plague, but they knew it was contagious. As a result they wore an early kind of bioprotective suit which included a large beaked head piece. The beak of the head piece, which made them look like large birds, was filled with vinegar, sweet oils and other strong smelling compounds to counteract the stench of the dead and dying plague victims.
From the Middle Ages up until the end of the 19th century, barbers performed a number of medical duties including bloodletting, wound treatment, dentistry, minor operations and bone-setting. The barber's striped red pole originated in the Middle Ages, when it was a staff the patient would grip while the barber bled the patient.
Grand Rapids, Michigan was the 1st US city to fluoridate its water in 1945.
In 1810 US population was 7,239,881. Black population at 1,377,808 was 19%. In 1969 US population reached 200 million.
In 1865, several veterans of the Confederate Army formed a private social club in Pulaski, Tennessee, called the Ku Klux Klan.
In 1892, Italy raised the minimum age for marriage for girls - to 12.
In 1947, Toys for Tots started making the holidays a little happier for children by organizing its first Christmas toy drive for needy youngsters.
In England and the American colonies the year 1752 only had 354 days. In that year, the type of calendar was changed, and 11 days were lost.
In the Holocaust between 5.1 and 6 million of Europe's 10 million Jews were killed. An additional 6 million 'unwanted' people were also executed, including more than half of Poland's educated populace.
Influenza caused over twenty-one million deaths in 1918.
Martha Washington, Pocahontas, and Susan B. Anthony are the only 3 women to have been represented on US currency.
Members of the Nazi SS had their blood type tattooed on their armpits.
More than 20,000 men were killed, wounded, or missing in action in the battle of Antietam, September 17, 1862. This was the bloodiest one-day fight during the Civil War.

from http://www.bitoffun.com/fun_facts_history.htm

Tuesday, October 2, 2012

Origin of Iban

I am fortunate enough to have a Malay as my dad and an Iban as my mum. Since the topic of Malay or Orang Melayu is well explored, we'll talk about Iban otherwise known as Dayak and was even once called the Sea Dayak.


The origin of the name Iban is a mystery, although many theories exist. During the British colonial era, the Ibans were called Sea Dayaks. Some believe that the word Iban was an ancient original Iban word for people or man. The modern-day Iban word for people or man is mensia, a totaly modified Malay loan word of the same meaning (manusia) of Sanskrit Root.
The Ibans were the original inhabitants of Borneo Island. Like the other Dayak tribes, they were originally farmers, hunters, and gatherers. Not much is known about Iban people before the arrival of the Western expeditions to Asia. Nothing was ever recorded by any voyagers about them.
The Ibans were unfortunately branded for being pioneers of headhunting. Headhunting among the Ibans is believed to have started when the lands occupied by the Ibans became over-populated. In those days, before the arrival of western civilization, intruding on lands belonging to other tribes resulted in death. Confrontation was the only way of survival.
In those days, the way of war was the only way that any Dayak tribe could achieve prosperity and fortune. Dayak warfare was brutal and bloody, to the point of ethnic cleansing. Many extinct tribes, such as the Seru and Bliun, are believed to have been assimilated or wiped out by the Ibans. Tribes like the Bukitan, who were the original inhabitants of Saribas, are believed to have been assimilated or forced northwards as far as Bintulu by the Ibans. The Ukits were also believed to have been nearly wiped out by the Ibans.
The Ibans started moving to areas in what is today’s Sarawak around the 15th century. After an initial phase of colonising and settling the river valleys, displacing or absorbing the local tribes, a phase of internecine warfare began. Local leaders were forced to resist the tax collectors of the sultans of Brunei. At the same time, Malay influence was felt, and Iban leaders began to be known by Malay titles such as Datu (Datuk), Nakhoda and Orang Kaya.
In later years, the Iban encountered the Bajau and Illanun, coming in galleys from the Philippines. These were seafaring tribes who came plundering throughout Borneo. However, the Ibans feared no tribe, and fought the Bajaus and Illanuns. One famous Iban legendary figure known as Lebor Menoa from Entanak, near modern-day Betong, fought and successfully defeated the Bajaus and Illanuns. It is likely that the Ibans learned seafaring skills from the Bajau and the Illanun, using these skills to plunder other tribes living in coastal areas, such as the Melanaus and the Selakos. This is evident with the existence of the seldom-used Iban boat with sail, called the bandung. This may also be one of the reasons James Brooke, who arrived in Sarawak around 1838, called the Ibans Sea Dayaks. For more than a century, the Ibans were known as Sea Dayaks to Westerners.

Due to some misleading adverts by the media, some still see Sarawak as a state lacking in development where Dayaks populate majority of the land and that they still live like the picture above.
However, before you make any conclusion, myself included, make a trip to Sarawak where you can find people living in harmony regardless of their races (yes, other people live here too, not just the Dayak) long before the concept of 1Malaysia was conceived.

20 Points???18 Points???


History
The 20-point agreement, or the 20-point memorandum, is a list of 20 points drawn up by North Borneo, proposing terms for its incorporation into the new federation as the State of Sabah, during negotiations prior to the formation of Malaysia on 16 September 1963. Some of the twenty points were incorporated, to varying degrees, into what became the Constitution of Malaysia; others were merely accepted orally, thus not gaining legal status. The memorandum often serves as a focal point amongst those who argue that Sabah’s rights within the Federation have been eroded over time
The 20 points were written with a view to safeguarding the interests, rights, and the autonomy of the people of Sabah upon the formation of the federation of Malaysia. A similar proposal, with certain differences in content, was made by Sarawak, and is commonly referred to as the18-point agreement.
Attention is often drawn to these memoranda by those who believe that their principles were not subsequently adhered to after federation. There have been numerous calls for the 20 point memorandum to be reviewed so as to take into account social, economic, and political changes over time.
The Agreement
Point 1: Religion
While there was no objection to Islam being the national religion of Malaysia there should be no State religion in North Borneo, and the provisions relating to Islam in the present Constitution of Malaya should not apply to North Borneo
Point 2: Language
  • a. Malay should be the national language of the Federation
  • b. English should continue to be used for a period of 10 years after Malaysia Day
  • c. English should be an official language of North Borneo for all purposes, State or Federal, without limitation of time.
Point 3: Constitution
Whilst accepting that the present Constitution of the Federation of Malaya should form the basis of the Constitution of Malaysia, the Constitution of Malaysia should be a completely new document drafted and agreed in the light of a free association of states and should not be a series of amendments to a Constitution drafted and agreed by different states in totally different circumstances. A new Constitution for North Borneo (Sabah) was of course essential.
Point 4: Head of Federation
The Head of State in North Borneo should not be eligible for election as Head of the Federation
Point 5: Name of Federation
Malaysia” but not “Melayu Raya”
Point 6: Immigration
Control over immigration into any part of Malaysia from outside should rest with the Central Government but entry into North Borneo should also require the approval of the State Government. The Federal Government should not be able to veto the entry of persons into North Borneo for State Government purposes except on strictly security grounds. North Borneo should have unfettered control over the movements of persons other than those in Federal Government employ from other parts of Malaysia into North Borneo.
Point 7: Right of Secession
There should be no right to secede from the Federation
Point 8: Borneanisation
Borneanisation of the public service should proceed as quickly as possible
Point 9: British Officers
Every effort should be made to encourage British Officers to remain in the public service until their places can be taken by suitably qualified people from North Borneo
Point 10: Citizenship
The recommendation in paragraph 148(k) of the Report of the Cobbold Commission should govern the citizenship rights in the Federation of North Borneo subject to the following amendments:
  • a) sub-paragraph (i) should not contain the proviso as to five years residence
  • b) in order to tie up with our law, sub-paragraph (ii)(a) should read “7 out of 10 years” instead of “8 out of 10 years”
  •  c) sub-paragraph (iii) should not contain any restriction tied to the citizenship of parents – a person born in North Borneo after Malaysia must be federal citizen[
Point 11: Tariffs and Finance
North Borneo should retain control of its own finance, development and tariff[8], and should have the right to work up its own taxation and to raise loans on its own credit.
Point 12: Special position of indigenous races
In principle the indigenous races of North Borneo should enjoy special rights analogous to those enjoyed by Malays in Malaya, but the present Malaya formula in this regard is not necessarily applicable in North Borneo
Point 13: State Government
  • a) the Chief Minister should be elected by unofficial members of Legislative Council
  • b) There should be a proper Ministerial system in North Borneo
Point 14: Transitional period
This should be seven years and during such period legislative power must be left with the State of North Borneo by the Constitution and not be merely delegated to the State Government by the Federal Government
Point 15: Education
The existing educational system of North Borneo should be maintained and for this reason it should be under state control
Point 16: Constitutional safeguards
No amendment modification or withdrawal of any special safeguard granted to North Borneo should be made by the Central Government without the positive concurrence of the Government of the State of North Borneo
The power of amending the Constitution of the State of North Borneo should belong exclusively to the people in the state. (Note: The United Party, The Democratic Party and the Pasok Momogun Party considered that a three-fourth majority would be required in order to effect any amendment to the Federal and State Constitutions whereas the UNKO and USNO considered a two-thirds majority would be sufficient.)
Point 17: Representation in Federal Parliament
This should take account not only of the population of North Borneo but also of its size and potentialities and in any case should not be less than that of Singapore
Point 18: Name of Head of State
Yang di-Pertua Negara
Point 19: Name of State
Sarawak or Sabah
Point 20: Land, Forests, Local Government, etc.
The provisions in the Constitution of the Federation in respect of the powers of the National Land Council should not apply in North Borneo. Likewise, the National Council for Local Government should not apply in North Borneo.
NOTE: For further information in regards to the related article, kindly refer to Wikipedia.